Use The Word Slot In A Sentence

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Learn how to use Available using many example sentences. Learn collocations of Available with free vocabulary lessons.

A preposition describes a relationship between other words in a sentence. In itself, a word like 'in' or 'after' is rather meaningless and hard to define in mere words. For instance, when you do try to define a preposition like 'in' or 'between' or 'on,' you invariably use your hands to show how something is situated in relationship to something else. Prepositions are nearly always combined with other words in structures called prepositional phrases. Prepositional phrases can be made up of a million different words, but they tend to be built the same: a preposition followed by a determiner and an adjective or two, followed by a pronoun or noun (called the object of the preposition). This whole phrase, in turn, takes on a modifying role, acting as an adjective or an adverb, locating something in time and space, modifying a noun, or telling when or where or under what conditions something happened.

Use The Word Sow In A Sentence

Consider the professor's desk and all the prepositional phrases we can use while talking about it.

Use the word slot in a sentence starters
You can sit before the desk (or in front of the desk). The professor can sit on the desk (when he's being informal) or behind the desk, and then his feet are under the desk or beneath the desk. He can stand beside the desk (meaning next to the desk), before the desk, between the desk and you, or even on the desk (if he's really strange). If he's clumsy, he can bump into the desk or try to walk through the desk (and stuff would fall off the desk). Passing his hands over the desk or resting his elbows upon the desk, he often looks across the desk and speaks of the desk or concerning the desk as if there were nothing else like the desk. Because he thinks of nothing except the desk, sometimes you wonder about the desk, what's in the desk, what he paid for the desk, and if he could live without the desk. You can walk toward the desk, to the desk, around the desk, by the desk, and even past the desk while he sits at the desk or leans against the desk.
All of this happens, of course, in time: during the class, before the class, until the class, throughout the class, after the class, etc. And the professor can sit there in a bad mood [another adverbial construction].

Those words in bold blue font are all prepositions. Some prepositions do other things besides locate in space or time — 'My brother is like my father.' 'Everyone in the class except me got the answer.' — but nearly all of them modify in one way or another. It is possible for a preposition phrase to act as a noun — 'During a church service is not a good time to discuss picnic plans' or 'In the South Pacific is where I long to be' — but this is seldom appropriate in formal or academic writing.

Slot

Click HERE for a list of common prepositions that will be easy to print out.

You may have learned that ending a sentence with a preposition is a serious breach of grammatical etiquette. It doesn't take a grammarian to spot a sentence-ending preposition, so this is an easy rule to get caught up on (!). Although it is often easy to remedy the offending preposition, sometimes it isn't, and repair efforts sometimes result in a clumsy sentence. 'Indicate the book you are quoting from' is not greatly improved with 'Indicate from which book you are quoting.'
Based on shaky historical precedent, the rule itself is a latecomer to the rules of writing. Those who dislike the rule are fond of recalling Churchill's rejoinder: 'That is nonsense up with which I shall not put.' We should also remember the child's complaint: 'What did you bring that book that I don't like to be read to out of up for?'

Is it any wonder that prepositions create such troubles for students for whom English is a second language? We say we are at the hospital to visit a friend who is in the hospital. We lie in bed but on the couch. We watch a film at the theater but on television. For native speakers, these little words present little difficulty, but try to learn another language, any other language, and you will quickly discover that prepositions are troublesome wherever you live and learn. This page contains some interesting (sometimes troublesome) prepositions with brief usage notes. To address all the potential difficulties with prepositions in idiomatic usage would require volumes, and the only way English language learners can begin to master the intricacies of preposition usage is through practice and paying close attention to speech and the written word. Keeping a good dictionary close at hand (to hand?) is an important first step.

Prepositions of Time: at, on, and in

We use at to designate specific times.
The train is due at 12:15 p.m.

We use on to designate days and dates.
My brother is coming on Monday.
We're having a party on the Fourth of July.

We use in for nonspecific times during a day, a month, a season, or a year.
She likes to jog in the morning.
It's too cold in winter to run outside.
He started the job in 1971.
He's going to quit in August.

Prepositions of Place: at, on, and in

We use at for specific addresses.
Grammar English lives at 55 Boretz Road in Durham.

We use on to designate names of streets, avenues, etc.
Her house is on Boretz Road.

And we use in for the names of land-areas (towns, counties, states, countries, and continents).
She lives in Durham.
Durham is in Windham County.
Windham County is in Connecticut.

Prepositions of Location: in, at, and on
and No Preposition

IN
(the) bed*
the bedroom
the car
(the) class*
the library*
school*
AT
class*
home
the library*
the office
school*
work
ON
the bed*
the ceiling
the floor
the horse
the plane
the train
NO PREPOSITION
downstairs
downtown
inside
outside
upstairs
uptown

* You may sometimes use different prepositions for these locations.

Prepositions of Movement: to
and No Preposition

We use to in order to express movement toward a place.
They were driving to work together.
She's going to the dentist's office this morning.

Toward and towards are also helpful prepositions to express movement. These are simply variant spellings of the same word; use whichever sounds better to you.
We're moving toward the light.
This is a big step towards the project's completion.

With the words home, downtown, uptown, inside, outside, downstairs, upstairs, we use no preposition.
Grandma went upstairs
Grandpa went home.
They both went outside.

Prepositions of Time: for and since

We use for when we measure time (seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, years).
He held his breath for seven minutes.
She's lived there for seven years.
The British and Irish have been quarreling for seven centuries.

We use since with a specific date or time.
He's worked here since 1970.
She's been sitting in the waiting room since two-thirty.

Prepositions with Nouns, Adjectives, and Verbs.

Prepositions are sometimes so firmly wedded to other words that they have practically become one word. (In fact, in other languages, such as German, they would have become one word.) This occurs in three categories: nouns, adjectives, and verbs.

NOUNS and PREPOSITIONS

approval of
awareness of
belief in
concern for
confusion about
desire for

fondness for
grasp of
hatred of
hope for
interest in
love of

need for
participation in
reason for
respect for
success in
understanding of

Use The Word Slot In A Sentence Answers

ADJECTIVES and PREPOSITIONS

afraid of
angry at
aware of
capable of
careless about
familiar with

fond of
happy about
interested in
jealous of
made of
married to

proud of
similar to
sorry for
sure of
tired of
worried about

VERBS and PREPOSITIONS

apologize for
ask about
ask for
belong to
bring up
care for
find out

give up
grow up
look for
look forward to
look up
make up
pay for

prepare for
study for
talk about
think about
trust in
work for
worry about


A combination of verb and preposition is called a phrasal verb. The word that is joined to the verb is then called a particle. Please refer to the brief section we have prepared on phrasal verbs for an explanation.

Idiomatic Expressions with Prepositions

  • agree to a proposal, with a person, on a price, in principle
  • argue about a matter, with a person, for or against a proposition
  • compare to to show likenesses, with to show differences (sometimes similarities)
  • correspond to a thing, with a person
  • differ from an unlike thing, with a person
  • live at an address, in a house or city, on a street, with other people

Unnecessary Prepositions

Use The Word Slot In A Sentence Starters

In everyday speech, we fall into some bad habits, using prepositions where they are not necessary. It would be a good idea to eliminate these words altogether, but we must be especially careful not to use them in formal, academic prose.

  • She met up with the new coach in the hallway.
  • The book fell off of the desk.
  • He threw the book out of the window.
  • She wouldn't let the cat inside of the house. [or use 'in']
  • Where did they go to?
  • Put the lamp in back of the couch. [use 'behind' instead]
  • Where is your college at?

Prepositions in Parallel Form

(Click HERE for a definition and discussion of parallelism.) When two words or phrases are used in parallel and require the same preposition to be idiomatically correct, the preposition does not have to be used twice.
You can wear that outfit in summer and in winter.
The female was both attracted by and distracted by the male's dance.

However, when the idiomatic use of phrases calls for different prepositions, we must be careful not to omit one of them.
The children were interested in and disgusted by the movie.
It was clear that this player could both contribute to and learn from every game he played.
He was fascinated by and enamored of this beguiling woman.

Recognizing Prepositions


Quiz on Prepositions


Prepositions at the Crossword


Prepositions at the Crossword II


Use The Word Slot In A Sentence Fragment

Prepositions at the Crossword III



For Example

Lesson Topic: Introducing Examples (Using 'For Example' and Phrases Like 'For Example')

Good writers explain their ideas well. One way they explain their ideas is to include examples which make the writer's thoughts much more concrete, practical, and comprehensible to the reader. Without good examples, the reader is left with just theories that are too difficult to use and apply. Look at the following paragraph:

It is apparent that when a person desires to learn a second language, he must study and use that language outside of the formal classroom setting. If he does not use his new mode of communication, he will never truly progress to a proficient level. He must seek as many opportunities as possible to employ that new language in 'real' situations. There are many things a student can do to supplement his learning and second language acquisition.

After reading these ideas, were you waiting for anything? Most writing teachers would scream if the student wrote this and stopped. What is missing?

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Before we answer that question, here is another question: Do you know what the main idea of this paragraph is? Yes. The author wants you to know that a person can do many things outside of the classroom to improve second language skills. The problem with this type of writing is that it is all theory. The writer says, 'There are many things a student can do to supplement his learning and second language acquisition.' However, he neglected to explain what kinds of things a student can do. In short, there are no specific examples.

So, this is what our lesson this month is about: introducing examples in writing. There are several phrases that are commonly used. These phrases are often used incorrectly.

for example

for instance
such as
e.g.

These phrases essentially have the same meaning, but they are not used in the same way. For our purposes, let's break them up into 2 groups: phrases used within a sentence and phrases used to begin a new sentence.

Group 1: Phrases Used Within A Sentence

Each phrase can be used within a sentence when it is followed by a list of items which elaborate on or show examples for the main idea of the sentence. Here are examples:

I can play quite a few musical instruments, for example, the flute, the guitar, and the piano.
I can play quite a few musical instruments, for instance, the flute, the guitar, and the piano.
I can play quite a few musical instruments, e.g., the flute, the guitar, and the piano.
I can play quite a few musical instruments, such as the flute, the guitar, and the piano.

Look at the last sentence with such as. Do you see anything different with this sentence as compared to the first three? Such as does NOT have a comma after it; the first three phrases have commas before and after them.

The phrase such as can be used in the middle of a sentence without any commas. Take a look at this example:

Car companies such as Toyota and Ford manufacture their automobiles in many different countries around the world.

You may be wondering why there are no commas. The answer is simple: the words after such as are necessary and essential to the meaning of the sentence. If you take out those words, the meaning will change. Let's take out such as:

Car companies manufacture their automobiles in many different countries around the world.

What does this sentence mean? It could mean ALL car companies manufacture their automobiles in many different countries around the world. This is not true because some companies produce their cars in just one or two countries. Therefore, the phrase such as Toyota and Ford is necessary. If these words are necessary, do not use commas.

Group 2: Phrases Used To Begin A New Sentence

Usually only for example and for instance can begin new sentences. Each can begin a new sentence when the phrase is followed by a complete idea or sentence (not a list of items).

My father loves going to restaurants which serve exotic foods. For example, last week he went to a restaurant which serves deep-fried rattlesnake.
My father loves going to restaurants which serve exotic foods. For instance, last week he went to a restaurant which serves deep-fried rattlesnake.

So, how can we make the above paragraph better? Let's use the phrase for example.

It is apparent that when a person desires to learn a second language, he must study and use that language outside of the formal classroom setting. If he does not use his new mode of communication, he will never truly progress to a proficient level. He must seek as many opportunities as possible to employ that new language in 'real' situations. There are many things a student can do to supplement his learning and second language acquisition. For example, students can attend churches where the target language is spoken. They can make many friends and attend numerous gatherings for free. Through these interactions, students are guaranteed opportunities to learn and practice the new language.

book recommendation

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Quiz

Directions:The following sentences use the phrases in this lesson. If a sentence is correct, put a check (√) next to it If a sentence is incorrect, fix it.

1. When I go camping, I bring lots of things. For example, a fishing rod, matches, and a sleeping bag.

2. There have been many leaders in history who have tried to rule the entire world. For instance, Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great.

3. Do you have any hobbies, e.g., collecting stamps or baseball cards?

4. Food, such as, pizza and hamburgers are not really junk food; they contain a lot of protein and vitamins.

5. Heesun has met many famous people. For example: one time she met Jacques Chirac.

6. When I visit Korea, I want to go to many cities such as Seoul and Taegu.

7. Evelyn has taken many psychology classes e.g. Behavior Psychology 102, Child Psychology 223, and Group Dynamics 301.

8. I love old TV shows, for example, The Twilight Zone and Gilligan's Island.

9. Joyce has studied many Asian languages for instance Korean, Chinese, and Thai.

10. Juan loves rock musicians from the 1970s such as Jimmy Hendrix and Janis Joplin.

Answers are in RED

1. When I go camping, I bring lots of things. For example, a fishing rod, matches, and a sleeping bag.

When I go camping, I bring lots of things, for example, a fishing rod, matches, and a sleeping bag.

2. There have been many leaders in history who have tried to rule the entire world. For instance, Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great.

There have been many leaders in history who have tried to rule the entire world, for instance, Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great.

3. Do you have any hobbies, e.g., collecting stamps or baseball cards? √ correct

4. Food, such as, pizza and hamburgers are not really junk food; they contain a lot of protein and vitamins.

Food such as pizza and hamburgers are not really junk food; they contain a lot of protein and vitamins. (no commas are necessary)

5. Heesun has met many famous people. For example: one time she met Jacques Chirac.

Heesun has met many famous people. For example, one time she met Jacques Chirac. (there must be a comma after for example--not a colon!)

6. When I visit Korea, I want to go to many cities such as Seoul and Taegu.

When I visit Korea, I want to go to many cities, such as Seoul and Taegu.

7. Evelyn has taken many psychology classes e.g. Behavior Psychology 102, Child Psychology 223, and Group Dynamics 301.

Evelyn has taken many psychology classes, e.g., Behavior Psychology 102, Child Psychology 223, and Group Dynamics 301.

8. I love old TV shows, for example, The Twilight Zone and Gilligan's Island. √ correct

9. Joyce has studied many Asian languages for instance Korean, Chinese, and Thai.

Joyce has studied many Asian languages, for instance, Korean, Chinese, and Thai.

10. Juan loves rock musicians from the 1970s such as Jimmy Hendrix and Janis Joplin.

Juan loves rock musicians from the 1970s, such as Jimmy Hendrix and Janis Joplin.

Rules to Remember!

1We recommend that you study some of our other lessons that are related to this topic:
  • colons (:)
  • semicolons (;)
  • commas (,)
2e.g. stands for exempli gratia (Latin)
3Though the phrases above all have the same meaning, they are not used in the same way.

Use The Word Slot In A Sentence Phrase

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